Hard

See also härd, and hård

English

Most common English words: family « earth « live « #403: hard » ask » question » doubt

Etymology

Old English heard (“‘hard’”)

Pronunciation

• (RP) enPR: häd, IPA: /hɑːd/, SAMPA: /hA:d/
• (GenAm) enPR: häd, IPA: /hɑɹd/, SAMPA: /hArd/

• Audio (US)	noicon
  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑː(r)d
• Homophones: heart (in some dialects)

Adjective

Hard (comparative er, superlative {{{2}}})

Positive Hard

Comparative er

Superlative {{{2}}}

1. Resistant to pressure.
2. Requiring a lot of effort to do or understand

   a hard problem

3. Demanding a lot of effort to endure.

   a hard life

4. (of a person) , severe, harsh, unfriendly, brutal.
5. Unquestionable.

   hard evidence

6. Of drink, strong.
7. (of a road intersection) Having a comparatively larger or a ninety-degree angle.

   At the intersection, there are two roads going to the left. Take the hard left.

8. Of water, high in dissolved calcium compounds.
9. (slang, vulgar, of a male) Sexually aroused.
10. Template:Bodybuilding Having muscles that are tightened as a result of intense, regular exercise.
11. Template:Physics Of a ferromagnetic material, having the capability of being a permanent magnet by being a material with high magnetic coercivity (c.f. soft)

Quotations

• (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) 1988: “Ray found it hard to imagine having accumulated so many mannerisms before the dawn of sex, of the sexual need to please, of the staginess sex encourages or the tightly capped wells of poisoned sexual desire the disappointed must stand guard over.” — An Oracle, Edmund White

Synonyms

• (resistant to pressure): resistant, solid, stony
• (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand): confusing, difficult, puzzling, tough, tricky
• (requiring a lot of effort to endure): difficult, intolerable, tough, unbearable
• (severe): harsh, hostile, severe, strict, tough, unfriendly
• (unquestionable): incontrovertible, indubitable, unambiguous, unequivocal, unquestionable
• (of drink): strong
• See also Wikisaurus:difficult

Antonyms

• (resistant to pressure): soft
• (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand): easy, simple, straightforward, trite
• (requiring a lot of effort to endure): bearable, easy
• (severe): agreeable, amiable, approachable, friendly, nice, pleasant
• (unquestionable): controvertible, doubtful, ambiguous, equivocal, questionable
• (of drink):
  • (low in alcohol): low-alcohol
  • (non-alcoholic): alcohol-free, soft, non-alcoholic
• (of roads): soft
• ("sexually aroused"): soft, flaccid

Derived terms

Terms derived from hard

between a rock and a hard place die-hard hard as nails hard-ass hardboard hard-boiled hard candy hard case hard cheese hard-coded hard copy hardcore hard disk/hard disc hard done by hard drink hard-edged harden hard feelings hard grass hard hat hard head hard-hearted hard-hitting

hard knocks hard labor hard light hard-liner hard lines hard luck hardness hard-on hard-pressed hard radiation hard sauce hard-shell hard times hard to come by hard to please hard up hardware hard water hard-wire hardwood hard work have it hard play hard to get

• Look at pages starting with hard.

Translations

resistant to pressure

Albanian: fortë Arabic: صلب ar(ar) (Salb) Armenian: պինդ hy(hy) (pind), կարծր hy(hy) (karçr) Catalan: dur ca(ca) Chamicuro: chmawa Chinese: Mandarin: 硬 cmn(cmn) (yìng) Croatian: tvrd hr(hr) Czech: tvrdý cs(cs) m. Dutch: hard nl(nl) Esperanto: malmola eo(eo) Finnish: kova fi(fi) French: dur fr(fr) m. German: hart de(de), fest de(de) Hungarian: kemény hu(hu) Icelandic: hart n., hörð f., harður m. Ido: harda Interlingua: dur

Italian: duro it(it) m. Japanese: 硬い ja(ja) (かたい, katai) Kurdish: قایم ku(ku) Latvian: ciets m., cieta f. Limburgish: helle li(li) Macedonian: тврд mk(mk) (tv'rd) m., цврст mk(mk) (cv'rst) m. Persian: پایدار fa(fa), مقاوم fa(fa), صلب fa(fa) Portuguese: duro pt(pt) m. Romanian: tare ro(ro) Russian: твёрдый ru(ru), крепкий ru(ru), прочный ru(ru) Sardinian: duru Scottish Gaelic: cruaidh Spanish: duro es(es) m. Swahili: ngumu sw(sw) Swedish: hård sv(sv) Telugu: గట్టి (gaTTi) Turkish: sert tr(tr) Vietnamese: cứng vi(vi), rắn vi(vi)

requiring a lot of effort to do or understand

Arabic: صعب ar(ar) (Sa3b) Armenian: բարդ hy(hy) (bard), դժվար hy(hy) (džvar) Catalan: complicat, difícil Chamicuro: yeewa Chinese: Mandarin: 難 cmn(cmn), 难 cmn(cmn) (nán), 困難 cmn(cmn), 困难 cmn(cmn) (kùnnan) Czech: těžký cs(cs) m., obtížný cs(cs) m. Dutch: moeilijk nl(nl), zwaar nl(nl) Esperanto: malfacila eo(eo) Finnish: vaikea fi(fi) French: dur fr(fr) m., difficile fr(fr) m. and f. German: schwierig de(de), hart de(de) Greek: δύσκολος el(el) (dýskolos) m. Hungarian: nehéz hu(hu) Ido: desfacila

Interlingua: difficile Italian: duro it(it) m., difficile it(it) m. and f. Japanese: 難しい (むずかしい, muzukashii), 困難 ja(ja) (こんなん, konnan) Latvian: grūts m. Limburgish: helle li(li) Macedonian: тежок mk(mk) (téžok) m. Polish: trudny pl(pl) Portuguese: difícil pt(pt) Russian: тяжёлый ru(ru), трудный ru(ru) Scottish Gaelic: doirbh, duilich Spanish: duro es(es) m., difícil es(es) m. and f. Swahili: ngumu sw(sw) Swedish: svår sv(sv), besvärlig sv(sv) Telugu: కఠోర (kaThOra) Vietnamese: khó vi(vi)

demanding a lot of effort to endure

Armenian: ծանր hy(hy) (çanr), դժվար hy(hy) (džvar) Dutch: moeilijk nl(nl), zwaar nl(nl) Esperanto: severa eo(eo) Finnish: rankka fi(fi) French: dur fr(fr) German: schwierig de(de) Interlingua: dur, difficile Limburgish: helle li(li)

Macedonian: тежок mk(mk) (téžok) m., напорен mk(mk) (náporen) m. Portuguese: duro pt(pt), difícil pt(pt) Russian: тяжелый ru(ru), трудный ru(ru) Swahili: ngumu sw(sw) Swedish: hård sv(sv), svår sv(sv) Telugu: కఠిన (kaThina), కఠోర (kaThOra) Vietnamese: khó khăn vi(vi), khốn khó vi(vi)

severe, of a person

Catalan: dur ca(ca) m. Dutch: hard nl(nl) Esperanto: severa eo(eo) Finnish: ankara fi(fi) French: dur fr(fr) German: hart de(de) Interlingua: sever Macedonian: тежок mk(mk) (téžok) m. Portuguese: difícil pt(pt), severo pt(pt)

Romanian: vârtos ro(ro) Russian: тяжёлый ru(ru), трудный ru(ru) (slang) Scottish Gaelic: cruaidh, borb, garg Spanish: duro es(es) m., difícil es(es) m. and f. Swahili: ngumu sw(sw) Swedish: hård sv(sv), sträng sv(sv) Vietnamese: khó tính vi(vi), khó vi(vi), khó khăn vi(vi)

unquestionable

Dutch: hard, harde, onweerlegbaar, onweerlegbare Esperanto: nerefutebla eo(eo) Finnish: vahva fi(fi) French: irréfutable fr(fr) German: fix de(de)

Interlingua: inquestionabile Portuguese: inquestionável pt(pt) Swahili: ngumu sw(sw) Swedish: obestridlig sv(sv)

of drink: strong

Czech: tvrdý cs(cs) m. Dutch: straf nl(nl), sterk nl(nl) Esperanto: forta eo(eo) Finnish: vahva fi(fi) French: fort fr(fr) German: stark de(de) Interlingua: forte

Macedonian: жесток mk(mk) (žéstok) m. Portuguese: forte pt(pt) Russian: крепкий ru(ru) Spanish: fuerte es(es) Swahili: ngumu sw(sw) Swedish: stark sv(sv) Vietnamese: mạnh vi(vi)

of water, high in dissolved calcium compounds

Catalan: dura ca(ca) Czech: tvrdý cs(cs) m. Dutch: hard, kalkrijk Finnish: kova fi(fi) French: dure fr(fr) f. German: hart de(de) Italian: cruda it(it)

Latvian: ciets m. Macedonian: тврда mk(mk) (tvrda) f. Spanish: duro es(es) m. Swahili: ngumu sw(sw) Telugu: కఠిన (kaThina) Turkish: sert tr(tr)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations.

Translations to be checked

Guaraní: atã (h-) (1), asy (h-) (2) Indonesian: keras / kaku / tegar (1), sulit / sukar / rumit / susah (2) Korean: 딱딱한 (ttakttakhan) (1), 단단한 (dandanhan) (1), 어려운 (eoryeoun) (2) Polish: twardy (1), ciężki (3), surowy (4), niepodważalny (5), mocny (6) Portuguese: dificil, duro Romanian: tare (1,6), greu, dificil (2,3,4) sever (4), neindoielnic (5) Tupinambá: atã (s-) (1), abaíb (2) Welsh: caled (1,2)

Adverb

Hard (comparative er, superlative {{{2}}})

Positive Hard

Comparative er

Superlative {{{2}}}

1. (manner) With much force or effort.

   He hit the puck hard up the ice.

   They worked hard all week.

   At the intersection, bear hard left.

   The recession hit them especially hard.

   Think hard on your choices.

2. (manner) With difficulty.

   His degree was hard earned.

3. (manner) Compactly.

   The lake had finally frozen hard.

4. (archaic and nautical) Near, close.

Noun

Singular Hard

Plural {{{1}}}

Hard ({{{1}}})

1. Template:Nautical A firm or paved beach or slope convenient for hauling vessels out of the water

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Dutch

Pronunciation

• Homophones: hart

Adjective

Template:Nl-adj

1. (objects) hard, strong

1. (currency) strong, not easily devalued
2. unquestionable, uncontestable

   harde feiten: hard facts

3. (emotion) heartless, unsympathetic
4. hard, difficult

   een harde strijd: a difficult fight

5. (magnitude) harsh, heavy

   harde straffen: harsh punishments

   een harde regen: heavy rain

6. (water) hard, rich in calcium

Antonyms

• resistant to pressure: zacht

Derived terms

• hardheid
• hardlopen

Adverb

Hard

1. Template:Nl-adv
2. (speed) fast, swiftly
3. very
4. (noise) loudly

Verb

Hard

1. The first-person singular present indicative of harden.
2. The imperative of harden.

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Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA: [haːɾˠd̪ˠ]

Adjective

Hard

1. Mutated form of ard.

ang:hard ar:hard et:hard es:hard fa:hard fr:hard ko:hard io:hard id:hard it:hard kn:hard kk:hard sw:hard ku:hard lo:hard hu:hard ml:hard nl:hard ja:hard pl:hard pt:hard ru:hard simple:hard fi:hard sv:hard ta:hard te:hard th:hard tr:hard vi:hard zh:hard